Terms We Use at The Center
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Bones, Sonja. University of Colorado Boulder, Division of Student Affairs. (2025, August 26). Why Latine Statement. University of Colorado Boulder.
The language used to describe people with roots in Latin America and the Caribbean has been evolving for decades in the context of the United States. Terms like Hispanic, Latino, Latina, Latinx and Latine reflect different histories, politics and personal preferences.
A Brief History
- Hispanic was introduced by the U.S. government in the 1970s so data could be collected about people with ancestry from Mexico, Puerto Rico, Cuba, Central America and South America. Before this, many were categorized as “white,” which did not reflect experiences of discrimination or exclusion.
- By the 1990s, many people rejected Hispanic because of its ties to Spain and colonialism. Latino was added to government use in the late 1990s and appeared on the U.S. Census in 2000.
- Latin@ emerged online in the late 1990s to be more gender‑inclusive, but it wasn’t easily pronounceable.
- Latinx appeared in the early 2000s, especially within queer, feminist and Chicana/x communities, to move away from gendered language like Latino or Latina.
- Latine gained traction in the 2010s, particularly among Spanish speaking LGBTQ+ communities, because the “e” is gender-neutral and easier to pronounce in Spanish.
Why There’s No Single Right Term
Latinx and Latine both come from LGBTQ+ and feminist communities, and people use them differently—or not at all. Some people prefer Latino/a, Chicano/a/x, Hispanic or another term entirely. Others don’t speak Spanish at all and may use English, Indigenous languages, Portuguese or other languages.
Some critiques of Latinx focus on pronunciation or its U.S.-centered origins. Others see it as part of a long history of resistance, identity‑building and challenging colonial language norms.
Language and identity are complex and personal. The conversation around these terms is ongoing, and that’s okay.
No matter what term you use for yourself, you’re part of this broader story and community. We aim to honor the origins of these terms and respect how individuals choose to identify.
- Bishop, M., & Vargas, C. (2014, May 2). Latino USA.
- Schelenz, R., & Freeling, N. (2019, October 10). . University of California.
- Salinas, C., & Lozano, A. (2021). The history and evolution of the term Latinx. In E. G. Murillo Jr., D. Delgado Bernal, S. Morales, L. Urrieta Jr., E. Ruiz Bybee, J. Sánchez Muñoz, V. B. Saenz, D. Villanueva, M. Machado-Casas, & K. Espinoza (Eds.), Handbook of Latinos and Education (2nd ed., pp. 249–263). Routledge.
- Brammer, J. P. (2019, May/June). Mother Jones.
- Garcia, T. (2022, October 12). . Teen Vogue.
- López, Q. (2022, October 10). 8 LGBTQ+ people on whether they prefer “Latinx,” “Latine,” or neither. Them.
Native and Indigenous
There are many valid ways people identify within Native and Indigenous communities, and individuals may use different terms depending on context.
- American Indian and Native American generally refer to Indigenous peoples of the Americas. Native American became more widely used in the 1970s.
- Some people reject American Indian because it comes from a colonial error, while others—especially elders—continue to use or reclaim it. In legal contexts, American Indian is used because it reflects the language in U.S. law and policy.
- Native and Indigenous are widely used and accepted terms.
- First Nations refers specifically to Indigenous peoples of Canada.
For many people, the most meaningful identifier is their specific tribal nation, such as Diné, Lakota or Ute. Some nations are known by names given by colonial governments, while others use names from their own languages.
The most respectful approach is to use the terms people choose for themselves. If someone corrects you, following their preference is always the right choice.
. Native American Rights Fund. (2025, November 19).
. Native Knowledge 360°. (n.d.).